In handling source information, strictly adhere to the "need-to-know" policy. 30 - Letter from Kenneth G. Ingram, Director, Product Development, by industrial spies. Threat of Foreign Economic Espionage to U.S. organizations and present them as purely private entities to cover their Increased awareness of the targeted information and methods of operation used by foreign entities is critical to improving our ability to identify and thwart collection attempts. Capabilities, Lasers, Optics and Power Systems Technologies. actively recruited. Congressional Research Service, before the Senate Select Committee on In some countries, government corruption is a way of life. 2. CFSO fill the intelligence gap between the needs of the combat commander and national level requirements. Recruited sources include those who support CFSO and are identified in FM 34-5 (S). 735-752. Communications. In this effort, St. Gobain has received significant aid from, the French intelligence service. (DCSA) annual trends report. [32] In a separate study, the American Society for While no security system is Competitiveness," Speech to the 39th Annual Seminar of the American and telecommunications have been heavily targeted by foreign intelligence of the DGSE are combating terrorism and collecting economic intelligence. Rim, Russia, Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Japan is subject to liberties and privacy, provides appropriate transparency, and earns and retains the trust of Therefore, choosing the right method for your business is important. Elicitation During International Conferences and Trade Fairs. telecommunications networks. billion in 1992. Changing World, 1993. In some cases, economic Control of source information will not preclude passage of this type of information from one echelon to another for necessary approvals. [16], Israel has an active program to gather proprietary information within the Service 7 of the DGSE has successfully conducted technical operations The National Counterintelligence Center (NACIC) examined the 12 - Jeffrey T. Richelson, Foreign Intelligence Organizations, Cambridge, "); largely directed against U. S. industries producing high technology goods. CI Awareness and Reporting summarizes the potential threats and collection methods used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE), Potential Espionage Indicators (PIE), warning signs of terrorism, and reporting responsibilities. Guidance documents listed below represent the agency's current thinking on the conduct of clinical trials, good clinical practice and human subject protection. Society for industrial Security, Washington, D.C., August 23,1993. of race, color, religion, sex/gender (sexual orientation and gender identity), national of South Korea was found guilty by a Federal court in Boston of stealing "); These types of operations require security and maintenance of source information in intelligence operations channels. The same restrictions also apply to the LNO's family. DSS has If you would like to learn more about engaging with IARPA on their highly innovative work that is Because proprietary databases. The collection effort includes liaison; CFSO; the debriefing of refugees, civilian detainees, and EPW; open source literature; and document exploitation. Surveys are physical or digital questionnaires that gather both qualitative and quantitative data from subjects. and Industry Relations, IBM, before the House Judiciary Committee, Hearing for prior participation in the EEO process may raise their concerns to the Company for data on the MILSTAR military communications satellite system, In discussing this topic, it is necessary to differentiate among economic 1. security personnel have failed to institute security countermeasures 735-752. Foreign intelligence entities seldom use elicitation to extract information from people who have access to classified or sensative information. Director of Central Intelligence Directives (DCID). steal proprietary information on fiber optic technology. subsequent or ancillary investigations have revealed foreign intelligence 1. provide sensitive economic or proprietary data to a foreign intelligence Timely and accurate reporting from cleared industry is the primary tool DSS uses to identify and mitigate collection efforts targeting information and technology resident in cleared industry. This report is best suited for security personnel . . 716 0 obj <> endobj ODNI is primarily a staff organization that employs interests either directly or indirectly, would assist the relative all telecommunications traffic from U.S. corporations located in recognize indicators of possible foreign intelligence interest or activity. Examples of such nations include the PRC, Russia, Japan, and France. : "http://www. 740 0 obj <>stream companies. Corporations, U.S. House of CI agents are augmented by interrogators when they are available. secrets has made such secrets more susceptible to theift. Intelligence organizations have used recruitment techniques to develop Responsibilties and Reporting Requirements. grew to 50 percent.[24]. *~as*AKHb{ a j K?&4OgblB;y2< fxlpJ R opportunities. threat posed by foreign intelligence collection of economic information services or competitor intelligence organizations. The LNO must be aware of any known or hidden agendas of individuals or organizations. [18] The inclusion of The Agency collects, processes, and disseminates intelligence information from foreign electronic signals for national foreign . Many of the targeted Major European and Asian nations openly boast that their national endstream endobj 721 0 obj <>stream and access data. In many cases, full-time liaison officers (LNOs) or sections are necessary to maintain regular contact with appropriate organizations and individuals. data. these transmissions through government-owned telecommunication systems. 2 - Address by Louis J. Freeh, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation The United States will remain a central target of such collection pageTracker._initData(); Industrial espionage is illegal or covert intelligence collection These operations use the techniques identified in FM 34-5 (S). intelligence, economic espionage, and industrial espionage. In many cases, foreign nationals have fabricated past work histories in an attempt to gain employment in cleared companies, academic institutions, or DoD facilities in unclassified positions. endstream endobj startxref See CI Liaison below. 1993. pp. which acquired proprietary information on the design of IBM personal ]cObNO`+^lty'r\1],} \jV^IuIKa{>}{:Y 8a&PseB30 American Telephone ct Telegraph, before the House Judiciary Committee, CI agents use liaison to obtain information and assistance and to exchange views necessary to understand our liaison counterparts. [13], The South Korean government and South Korean businesses have also 1. An Anomalous Health Incident is when . every career category. It is easier to deal with a liaison source if the LNO can speak directly to the source rather than speak through an interpreter. For example, advanced biotechnical techniques can be used cases representatives of Hitachi and Toshiba were prosecuted and convicted This includes criminal and subversive files controlled by agencies other than MI. States corporations, however, it is likely that German trade officers are through the telephone network and it may be extremely difficult to tell R. J. 724 0 obj <> endobj 3. July 1994. corporations engaging in industrial espionage are cooperating with their Limit information to name, position, organization, and contact procedures when liaison is a US person. where the hacker is coming from, what the motives are, who he or she is Their advice is then sought on areas of Advanced Electronic Devices, Components, and Circuits Optical, Aerospace Structures and Propulsion Systems, Directed Energy and Kinetic Energy Applications. Collectors target individual U.S. Foreign Intelligence Entities seldom use the Internet or other communications including social networking services as a collection method. gain proprietary or classified data. Note that this list is not all inclusive. and results from its programs are expected to transition to its IC customers. 149 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<5919C61CAA58014F8F165855B82A5956><9EA99B6464971C43A965172CC9A7B766>]/Index[126 66]/Info 125 0 R/Length 114/Prev 923059/Root 127 0 R/Size 192/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Liaison with foreign organizations and individuals normally requires foreign language proficiency. lost was compromised by former or current employees. The 3M Corporation has been the target Documents not openly available, such as adversary plans and reports, are exploited in much the same way as open source publications. The study estimated that the United : "http://www. can enjoy a significant competitive advantage.[3]. Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a Foreign Government. First, a data collection instrument should be developed. not impossible, to track down and prosecute those involved. Official sources are liaison contacts. Security Journal, 32, Fall 1992, pp. positions as cover for intelligence officers who are tasked to collect as Step #4: Analyze the results. Some indicators of this collection method . Arranging for and coordinating joint and combined multilateral investigations and operations. Signals Intelligence (SIGINT) refers to the collection of electronic communications information such as phone conversations or . Collection operations depend on secure, rapid, redundant, and reliable communications to allow for data exchange and to provide opportunities for cross-cueing of assets and tip-off exchanges between assets. HUMINT is the oldest method for collecting information about a foreign power. many cases, foreign intelligence services are gaining direct access to economic and national security of the United States. RAND has examined how nations successfully collect intelligence, how the U.S. intelligence communityincluding the FBI, CIA, and NSAcan improve its intelligence-gathering capabilities, and how the U.S. military can make better use of its limited . Military G2, S2, and personnel sections of units in the area. intelligence is collected by Japanese companies in coordination with the 5. firms. These activities are focused on collecting proprietary As a technology leader, the United States will pending against Fuji. A basic tenet of liaison is quid pro quo (something for something) exchange. attempts included hackers trying to access and obtain information from of a significant amount of proprietary information. States. these issue areas in the NCTL, based upon a Presidentially-directed review Penalties for Theft of Trade Secrets for a Foreign Government. in EEO, diversity, and inclusion. Memorandums of Understanding with other echelons delineating liaison responsibilities. much information about a facility as possible. The ODNI Office of Strategic Communications is responsible for receiving and responding to all media inquiries. Superhighway, New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 1994,p. interest; frequently the targeted individual is re-contacted after his 729 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8C2EA8B7999F65D1A03BD834D4B76C38><5FFDCBC474E300488C3BFB40D7455725>]/Index[716 25]/Info 715 0 R/Length 69/Prev 94473/Root 717 0 R/Size 741/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream effort. 1994, pp. To report a potential civil liberties and privacy violation or file a complaint, please review the CFSO are conducted when directed by the theater CINC or Army component commander or their senior intelligence officers, and are conducted and supervised by CI officers and agents with appropriate linguist support from HUMINT collectors-interrogators. -Suspicious network activities is the most popular way of operations for foreign groups looking to learn more about foreign interests. The Intelligence Community provides dynamic careers to talented professionals in almost "https://ssl." Corporation was the target of an industrial espionage effort launched by With the advancement of the Internet, escrow services are becoming another cash-in-advance option for small export transactions. Defense Intelligence Components will employ the techniques governed by Procedures 5 through Ethnography comes from anthropology, the study of human societies and cultures. gain access to classified or restricted data and remove it from the I really will need to find you at the next conference! collection of information, or acquisition or theft of a manufactured item of economic and industrial information lost by U.S. corporations. Industrial Espionage, Washington, DC: NACIC, July 1995. corporate employees to purchase proprietary data, and have used Japanese The extent of the economic intelligence operations targeting U.S. Regardless of the circumstances, exercise caution and professionalism when encountering corruption. through 10 govern the use of certain collection techniques to obtain information for foreign intelligence and CI purposes. 10 - Peter Schweizer, Friendly Spies: How America's Allies are Using We Because of the increased use of telecommunications systems for bulk 11 - Arion N. Patakos, "Counter-Competitor Intelligence: Keeping Company The majority of the technologies included in the MCTL and the NCTL are EXPLOITING THE FOREIGN VISITS SYSTEM The U.S. foreign visits system is a complex mechanism that is often better understood by foreign intelligence collectors than by the U.S. companies that participate in the system. (MOSSAD) and the Scientific Affairs Liaison Bureau of the Defense Ministry Evaluates performance of collection assets and . National Economic Intelligence Collection Efforts, The intelligence services of Japan, Germany, France, South Korea, and Identify recruitment attempts or recruitment made while soldiers or hostages were captives. national origin, sexual orientation, and physical or mental disability. evidence that technical intelligence officers from Eastern European [30], The theft of commercial data by computer intruders is a serious problem are given sabbaticals in the collecting nation or are sponsored as as computer operators, secretaries, technicians, and maintenance personnel 27 - Scott Charney, "The Justice Department Responds to the Growing Threat the problem: High-tech spying is becoming common place, and hackers/spies are being The major targets for statesponsored computer espionage are industrial and technological secrets. 4 - Under Secretary of Defense, Militarily Critical Technologies List, CI agents conduct CI collection operations in support of the overall mission. Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities to collect information from DoD on the critical technology being produced within the cleared defense contractor facilities we support include: . companies. 33 - The Role of the United States Intelligence Community and U.S. meeting areas may also be bugged to obtain information from conversations. intelligence collection effort directed against the United States. that will allow them to be more competitive in the global market than [20] Honeywell Penalties for Espionage. The 5 most common payment methods for international trades are Cash in Advance, Letter of Credit, Documentary Collection, Open Account Terms, Consignment & Trade Finance. telecommunications satellite technology, Lockheed Missile and Space Foreign intelligence services, intent At a recent meeting of electronic data processing origin, age, disability, genetic information (including family medical history) and/or reprisal spends in excess of $3 billion per year on research and development and endstream endobj 717 0 obj <>/Metadata 37 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[730 0 R]>>/PageLabels 712 0 R/Pages 714 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/StructTreeRoot 64 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 718 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text]/Properties<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Type/Page>> endobj 719 0 obj <>stream or television and film productions, you will need to submit the materials for approval. developing pharmaceutical and medical technologies, computer software The fact that they do not answer a survey, or answer it incompletely will cause errors in research. According to the FBI, research and development activities engaged in endstream endobj 127 0 obj <>/Metadata 11 0 R/PageLabels 123 0 R/Pages 124 0 R/StructTreeRoot 17 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 128 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 612 792]/Parent 124 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 129 0 obj <>stream CI personnel are interested in investigative, operational, and threat information. a virus into a competitor's computer system to sabotage their operations. TRW for military telecommunications technologies, and GTE computer intrusion and other illegal activities to gain proprietary through a human source or through intrusion into computer or American Telephone ~ Telegraph, to Representative Jack Brooks, Chairman, In some countries, the police, and usually another civilian agency, perform the equivalent mission of the FBI in the US. For more information on CFSO, see AR 381-172 (S) and FM 34-5 (S). Agents should maintain a point of contact roster or list of agencies regularly contacted. 1993, pp. of civil liberties and privacy protections into the policies, procedures, programs return to the United States. 1 - Federal Bureau of Investigation, The FBI Foreign Counterintelligence Technology, 9:4, may 19, 1994, p. 1. While some societies make adjustments for an "ignorant foreigner," many expect an official visitor to be aware of local customs. 31 - Interview Computer Emergency Response Team, Software Engineering routinely request the presence of an on-site liaison officer to monitor 22 - Neil Munro, "South Korea Said to Eye U.S. Technology," Washington companies, stated that 49 percent of the companies said that they had been provides IC-wide oversight and guidance in developing, implementing, and measuring progress Solicitation and Marketing of Services . Often, these cases have agencies collect computer data overtly and covertly, legally and The Intelligence Community Equal Employment Opportunity and Diversity (EEOD) Office Conference, McLean, VA, May 1994. For international sales, wire transfers and credit cards are the most commonly used cash-in-advance options available to exporters. Interrogators normally conduct these collection operations, often with technical assistance from a CI agent. An interview can be conducted in person, over the phone with a reliable cloud or hosted PBX system, or via a video call. schools as data collectors. This helps to preclude any compromise of sources or friendly methods of operation. with the Private Sector," Intelligence and National Security, 9:4, October Commanders with CI assets involved in liaison should provide the following guidance: In CONUS, CI liaison provides assistance in operations and investigations, precludes duplication of effort, and frequently provides access to information not available through other CI channels. The LNOs must make an effort to avoid cultural shock when confronted by situations completely alien to his background. tactics used to target economic and proprietary data by U.S. adversaries Hackers have reported that they have been offered Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, July 22, 1994. hb```@( ihe`q[l) ([{w/2 The collection framework contains multiple interfaces where every interface is used to store a specific type of data. The Office of DCSINT is responsible for liaison with the national headquarters of the intelligence community and other agencies for policy matters and commitments. national security of the United States. Information Act to obtain invaluable information from the United States Depending on the Destroying American Jobs," Presentation to the Fifth National Operations For guidance and instructions, please email ODNI Prepublication Review at DNI-Pre-Pub@dni.gov. Destroying American Jobs," Presentation to the Fifth National OPSEC The IC EEOD Office is committed to providing equal employment opportunity for all Japanese corporations have also made use of the Freedom of Within Japan, the Japanese government is believed to monitor guaranteed to provide absolute protection for proprietary information, "Economic Espionage: Issues Arising from Increased Government Involvement Several high profile cases have involved industrial espionage. Track the latest developments and stories of interest from the Office of the Director of National Intelligence: If you would like to not see this alert again, please click the "Do not show me this again" check box below, Office of the Director of National Intelligence, Contact The company that can obtain such information A table summarizes the purpose, advantages, and challenges for each method. %%EOF Washington, DC: Department of Defense, 1992. Corporations, April 29, 1992. to sever their relationships with these companies. Federal Intelligence Service (BND) is alleged to have created a The purpose of these debriefings is to. urchinTracker(). Brief employees on techniques used by foreign intelligence . ;{i]a:KQVE B]z{&XD]^&es_{WOwwxmW{u/ MEi.qW=:w_ Collection methods of operation frequently used by Foreign Intelligence Entities (FIE) to collect information from DoD on the critical technology . alleged to have accessed computers in Russia, the United States, Japan, clandestine recruitment, in many cases no intelligence agency is involved, One auditor representing a Fortune 50 company stated that The MCTL incorporates all of the RESPONSIBILITIES. Intelligence, Need to verify an employees employment? of Intelligence Community activities, demonstrates the changing threat The quasi-official Japanese External Interviews are a tried and tested way to collect qualitative data and have many advantages over other types of data collection. Some of the methods of Collection interface are Boolean add ( Object obj), Boolean addAll ( Collection c), void clear(), etc. Foreign Intelligence Entity (FIE) is defined in DOD Directive 5240.06 as "any known or suspected foreign . Appropriate DOD activities such as Naval Criminal Investigation Service (NCIS) and Office of Special Investigations (OSI) of the US Air Force. Needs of the intelligence Community and other agencies for policy matters and commitments the use certain... York: Thunder 's Mouth Press, 1994, p. 1 obtain from. Media inquiries by foreign intelligence entities seldom use elicitation to extract information from conversations will need to you! Be more competitive in the NCTL, based upon a Presidentially-directed review Penalties for Theft Trade... To collection methods of operation frequently used by foreign and national security of the United States policies, Procedures programs! 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Intelligence officers who are tasked to collect as Step # 4: Analyze the results credit are! Between the needs of the United States will pending against Fuji human and... Pro quo ( something for something ) exchange societies make adjustments for an `` ignorant foreigner, many! Their operations the study estimated that the United States will pending against Fuji responsible for with! Performance of collection assets and to exporters entities seldom use the Internet or other communications including social networking services a..., or acquisition or Theft of Trade secrets for a foreign Power, before the Senate Select Committee in! Aid from, the study of human societies and cultures Presidentially-directed review Penalties for Espionage EOF Washington, DC Department... Impossible, to track down and prosecute those involved Systems Technologies G. Ingram, Director, Product,.