Was he shooting back? Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. In 1859, he joined the Russell, Majors and Waddell freight company, the parent company of the Pony Express. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. At Bridger, Montana, Jane moved in with a cowboy named Robert Dorsett. Coe claimed that he was shooting at a stray dog,[g] and then suddenly turned his gun on Hickok, who fired first and killed Coe. [5] William Hickok died in 1852, when James was 15. When a seat opened up at the table, a drunk man named Jack McCall sat down to play. She was born in Missouri and spent most of her life on the country's western border. In the Frederic Remington illustration of The Sentinel, is the mission San Xavier del Bac? Fox met Jessie when she interviewed Jane for an article in Illustrated American magazine. Hickok is a playable character in the 2018 board game Deadwood 1876 by Faade Games. Thus began the reputation that On July 21, 1865, in a shootout in Springfield, Missouri, he killed David Tutt, a skillful gunfighter who had been flaunting the watch he won from Hickok in a poker game. She appears to have finally learned the truth by the time she died in 1980, for her death certificate correctly lists her mothers maiden name as Canary. The "special election" may not have been legal, as a letter dated September 17 to the governor of Kansas noted that Hickok had presented a warrant for an arrest which was rejected by the Fort Hays commander, because, when asked to produce his commission, Hickok admitted that he had never received one. Entdecke Bill O'Reilly's Legends and Lies: The Real West - Hardcover - GOOD in groer Auswahl Vergleichen Angebote und Preise Online kaufen bei eBay Kostenlose Lieferung fr viele Artikel! A legend during his life and considered one of the American west's premier gunfighters James Butler (Wild Bill) Hickok was born May 27, 1837, in Troy . Hickok may have been acting sheriff before he was elected; a newspaper reported that he arrested offenders on August 18, and the commander of Fort Hays wrote a letter to the assistant adjutant general on August 21 in which he praised Hickok for his work in apprehending deserters. Did Old West houses have outhouses, and were public facilities available? That belief came from the fertile imaginations of othersespecially Jean McCormick, who claimed to be the daughter of the legendary pair. [9], In 1865, Hickok recruited six Native Americans and three cowboys to accompany him to Niagara Falls, where he put on an outdoor demonstration called The Daring Buffalo Chasers of the Plains. Hickok and Lanihan, however, remained sheriff and deputy, respectively. The incident began when David McCanles, his brother William and several farmhands came to the station demanding payment for a property that had been bought from him. [10][pageneeded][11] In an 1867 article about his shootout with Davis Tutt, his surname was misspelled as Hitchcock. "George Ward Nichols and the Legend of Wild Bill Hickok. After the fact, there was much speculation as to whether romantic rivalry had had a role in the incident: Hickok was apparently involved with a woman who had also been involved with the married McCanles. The couple had a daughter, who also became an accomplished performer and horseback rider. Foxs visit coincided with the few weeks Jessie actually attended St. Edwards Academy in Deadwood. The gun did not sell because the highest bid of $220,000 was less than the reserve set by the gun's owners.[76]. The event haunted Hickok for the rest of his life. Wild Bill - Tom Clavin 2019-02-05 The denitive true story of Wild Bill, the rst lawman of the Wild West, by the #1 New York Times bestselling author of Dodge City. Under the name "Wild Bill Hitchcock" [sic], the article recounted the "hundreds" of men whom Hickok had personally killed and other exaggerated exploits. Witnesses confirm that the story was true to the extent the party had set out to find whoever had killed the four men,[e] but the group returned to the fort "without nary a dead Indian, [never] even seeing a live one". ", Rosa, Joseph G. (1977). They had ivory grips and nickel plating, and were ornately engraved with "J.B. Hickok1869" on the backstrap. During this period Hickok prevented a man from beating an 11-year-old boy, who grew up to become Buffalo Bill Cody, Hickoks longtime friend. 2, serial number 29963, a .32 rimfire with a six-inch barrel, blued finish, and varnished rosewood grips. Not a word was uttered. In any case, Hardin appeared to have thought highly of Hickok. by Marshall Trimble | Nov 1, 2007 | Inside History. Military records after 1865 list him as Hickok, but note that he was also known as Haycock. There the familys small farm served as a stop on the Underground Railroad. He wanted me to go with him, and as we started on our way, imagine my surprise and uncomfortable feeling when he announced his intention of stopping at the McCanles home. Jane was well-known for her abilities as a sharpshooter . According to Joseph G. Rosa, Hickok's biographer and the foremost authority on Wild Bill, Hickok killed only six or seven men in gunfights. He later became a lawman before settling down in Deadwood, South Dakota where he would soon meet his death. He noted that the sound was similar to tapping a brick wall and believed the remains weighed more than 400lb (180kg). The first was Bill Mulvey, who was rampaging through town, drunk, shooting out mirrors and whisky bottles behind bars. James Butler Hickok, better known as " Wild Bill ," was a wagon master, soldier, scout, lawman, gunfighter, gambler, showman, and actor well-known in the American West. Horace Hickok was born in October of 1834. Her friends held a fundraiser for her and the benefit proved a howling successuntil Jane began treating her generous friends to drinks. Not wasting a second, he quietly drew his revolver and shot Hickok in the back of the head, instantly killing him. In July, 1865, in Springfield, Missouri's town square, Hickok killed Davis Tutt, an old friend who after personal grudges escalated became an enemy. At 4:15 in the afternoon, a young gunslinger named Jack McCall walked into the saloon, approached Hickok from behind, and shot him in the back of the head. He is also remembered for the cards he was holding when he was shot dead a pair of black aces and a pair of black eights since known as the dead man's hand. Hickok was of English ancestry. James Butler Hickok (May 27, 1837 - August 2, 1876), also known as "Wild Bill" Hickok was a legendary figure in the old west. Wild Bill Hickok, byname of James Butler Hickok, (born May 27, 1837, Homer [now Troy Grove], Illinois, U.S.died August 2, 1876, Deadwood, Dakota Territory [now in South Dakota, U.S.]), American frontiersman, army scout, and lawman who helped bring order to the frontier West. . Some contemporaneous reports of his exploits are known to be fictitious, but they remain the basis of much of his fame and reputation. Last, there is Jessiethe most credible of Calamity Janes daughters. Despite his reputation,[70] Hickok was buried in the Ingelside Cemetery, Deadwood's original graveyard. While Hickok claimed to have killed numerous named and unnamed gunmen in his lifetime, his career as a gunfighter only lasted from 1861 to 1871. In July 1865, "Wild Bill" Hickok shot and killed Davis Tutt in Springeld, MOthe rst quick-draw duel on the frontier. The cards Hickok had been holding when he was shot and killeda pair of black aces and a pair of black eights plus an unknown fifth cardbecame known as the Dead Mans Hand.. McCanles reportedly threatened Wellman, and either Wellman or Hickok, who was hiding behind a curtain, killed McCanles. Hickok was of English ancestry. He claimed he was avenging Hickok's earlier slaying of his brother, which may have been true; a man named Lew McCall had indeed been killed by an unknown lawman in Abilene, Kansas, but whether or not the two McCall men were related is unknown. In 1866 Hickok helped guide Gen. William T. Shermans tour of the West, and in 186768 he scouted for Gen. Winfield Scott Hancock and Lieut. The Harper's piece also told the story of how Hickok had pointed to a letter "O" that was "no bigger than a man's heart." The wagon train arrived in Deadwood in July 1876. He died in 1887. As the scene unfolded, McCanles entered the station, and, from behind the curtain that divided it in two, either Hickok or Wellman shot McCanles. McCanles also acted as the stations manager before the company replaced him with Horace Wellman, and McCanles had reputedly ridiculed Hickok during his convalescence from his injuries. Bonhams auction company offered this pistol at auction on November 18, 2013, in San Francisco, California,[75] described as Hickok's Smith & Wesson No. He left his wife a few months later to seek his fortune in the goldfields of South Dakota. Hardin was in town under his assumed name Wesley Clemmons, but was better known to the townspeople by the alias "Little Arkansas". A later film (1953) and subsequent stage musical, both titled Calamity Jane, also portray a romance between Calamity Jane and Hickok. [66] McCall was acquitted of the murder, which prompted editorializing in the Black Hills Pioneer: "Should it ever be our misfortune to kill a man we would simply ask that our trial may take place in some of the mining camps of these hills." From there the ONeils took the pair to the family home in Richmond, Virginia, and ultimately raised the Jean in Liverpool, England. Later that year he became a teamster with the great freighting enterprise Russell, Majors and Waddell, creators of the Pony Express, for which he was too tall and heavy to be a rider. Pard, we will meet again in the happy hunting ground to part no more. [74] He wore his revolvers butt-forward in a belt or sash (when wearing city clothes or buckskins, respectively), and seldom used holsters; he drew the pistols using a "reverse", "twist", or cavalry draw, as would a cavalryman. [46]:4558[48] A newspaper reported, "A man was killed in his bed at a hotel in Abilene, Monday night, by a desperado called 'Arkansas'. More concrete evidence of Jessie came from Charles Zimmerman, who remembered Jane and her daughters frequent visits to his familys ranch near Billings, Montana in 1893. All About History is part of Future plc, an international media group and leading digital publisher. On August 2, 1876, Wild Bill Hickok died a sudden, violent death while gambling in a saloon in Deadwood, South Dakota. On March 5, 1876, he married Agnes Thatcher Lake, an owner of a circus in Cheyenne, Wyoming territory. Hickok left home at age 17 and worked as a canal boat pilot in Utica, Illinois, before heading west in 1856 to Bleeding Kansas, which was embroiled in a violent conflict over whether slavery should be permitted there. He then joined General James Henry Lane's Kansas Brigade, and while serving with the brigade, saw his friend Buffalo Bill Cody, who was serving as a scout. Biography and associated logos are trademarks of A+E Networksprotected in the US and other countries around the globe. When Jane arrived in Deadwood, South Dakota in 1895, she told others that she needed money to enrol Jessie in a convent school at Sturgis. [citation needed], On August 1, 1876, Hickok was playing poker at Nuttal & Mann's Saloon No. The couple had five children besides James Butler , three boys and two girls. Russell, Majors and Waddell had not kept up with their payments for the station, and the gun-brandishing McCanles had come to demand his money from Wellman, who insisted that he did not have it and refused to relinquish the property to McCanles, as did his wife. Hickok moved to Leavenworth in the Kansas Territory, where he joined Jim Lane's Free State Army (also known as the Jayhawkers), an antislavery vigilante group active in the new territory during the Bleeding Kansas era. Joseph J. In court she presented the judge with a doctors certificate indicating she was in a rather delicate condition, an early euphemism for pregnant. He was released on $2,000 bail and stood trial on August 3, 1865. [45], Hickok later said he did not know that "Wesley Clemmons" was Hardin's alias, and that he was a wanted outlaw. It ends with Hickok surviving the murder attempt due to wearing body armor and being shot in the back, then secretly leaving for a ranch in California. 22nd August 2017 Still, feeling he had escaped punishment, McCall began to brag to anyone that would listen that he had killed Wild Bill Hickok. Leaving Springfield, he was recommended for the position of deputy federal marshal at Fort Riley, Kansas. Quay House, The Ambury, No other woman in the American west possesses a more enigmatic legacy than Martha Calamity Jane Canary. Although the show brought Hickok some much-needed income, he was unhappy, began drinking heavily, and returned to the West in March 1874. (Not Really) Roughing It on the Mark Twain Trail, A Song of Praise for a Forgotten Folklore Collector, John Waynes Silver Screen Shootin Irons. The cemetery was moved in 1881, and when McCall's body was exhumed, the noose was found still around his neck.[69]. By 1942 Jessie had changed her story, perhaps at McCormicks urging. This incident added to his fame as a gunslinger, which skyrocketed when journalist and later explorer Sir Henry Morton Stanley reported as fact in the New York Herald in 1867 Hickoks exaggerated claim that he had killed 100 men. They initially agreed not to fight over the watch, but when Hickok saw Tutt wearing it, he warned him to stay away. It was the last word on a true child of one of the wildest women of the west. awaiting execution. James Butler Hickok was born May 27, 1837, in Homer, Illinois, (present-day Troy Grove, Illinois) to William Alonzo Hickok, a farmer and abolitionist, and his wife, Polly Butler. At the [second] trial it was suggested that [McCall] was hired to do his work by gamblers who feared the time when better citizens should appoint Bill the champion of law and order a post which he formerly sustained in Kansas border life, with credit to his manhood and his courage. In an 1871 account that changed his life, Hickok was reportedly involved in a shootout with saloon owner Phil Coe. Picks on rebels, especially Texans, to kill." In 1860, Hickok was badly injured by a bear, while driving a freight team from Independence, Missouri, to Santa Fe, New Mexico. In the HBO show Deadwood (2004-2006), Wild Bill is played by Keith Carradine. setTimeout(function(){var t=document.createElement("script");t.setAttribute("src","https://sample.dragonforms.com/getEmbeddedClientScript.do?embeddedsite=TW_dispatch_nl"),t.setAttribute("type","text/javascript"),document.body.appendChild(t)},5); Become a subscriber today and youll recieve a new issue every month plus unlimited access to our full archive of backlogged issues. 1. [20], On July 12, 1861, David McCanles went to the Rock Creek Station office to demand an overdue property payment from Horace Wellman, the station manager. The murderer escaped. On December 9, Hickok and Lanihan both served legal papers on Macintosh, and local newspapers acknowledged that Hickok had guardianship of Hays City. For more on American historysubscribe to All About History for as little as 26. Hickok joined the antislavery Free State Army of Jayhawkers and, having already become skilled with a gun as a youth, served as a bodyguard for Gen. James H. Lanes. He was assigned Buffalo Bill Cody, a sergeant, and five privates. He was one of the early heroes of the West popularized in the dime novels of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Hickok left his new bride a few months later, joining Charlie Utter's wagon train to seek his fortune in the gold fields of South Dakota. Hickoks father moved his family from Vermont to Maine to Homer (now Troy Grove), Illinois. Red objects generally appear black in early photographs, as the photographic processes were insensitive to red light. "[46] Hoping to intimidate Hickok, Coe allegedly stated that he could "kill a crow on the wing". In reality, Janes first verified child was born in November 1882 when she was living with rancher Frank King near Miles City, Montana. "Wild Bill. Just as he pulled the trigger, one of the policemen rushed around the corner between Coe and the pistols and both balls entered his body, killing him instantly. In another account of the Coe shootout: Theophilus Little, the mayor of Abilene and owner of the town's lumber yard, recorded his time in Abilene by writing in a notebook, which was ultimately given to the Abilene Historical Society. Outlaw John Wesley Hardin arrived in Abilene at the end of a cattle drive in early 1871. The way Wild Bill conducted himself in his later years was a direct correlation for what he did when he was a young boy. He was the fourth son of William Alonzo and Polly Butler Hickok. All Rights Reserved. Hickok said he had "tried to restore order". [65][66], McCall was summoned before an informal "miners' jury" (an ad hoc local group of miners and businessmen). On the afternoon of August 2, 1876, he was playing cards with his back to the door, something he seldom did. We drove on to Beatrice and at the trial, his plea was self-defense; no one appeared against him, and he was cleared. After the war Hickok continued his adventurous ways, at times just skirting the right side of the law. In 1954 an episode of Gunsmoke on CBS radio featured John Dehner as Hickok. Jack McCall. His work included identifying and counting the number of troops in uniform who were drinking while on duty, verifying hotel liquor licenses, and tracking down individuals who owed money to the cash-strapped Union Army. Hickok lost his re-election bid to his deputy. The hand of cards which he supposedly held at the time of his death has become known as the dead man's hand: two pairs; black aces and eights. The family did some moving around during this time period and the next child, James Butler Hickok, was born in May of 1837. [i][68], Jack McCall was hanged on March 1, 1877, and buried in a Roman Catholic cemetery. But Coe "reckoned without his host". He twice asked another man at the table, Charles Rich, to change seats with him, but Rich refused. This was his sixth murder. In 1876, Hickok was shot and killed while playing poker in a saloon in Deadwood, Dakota Territory (present-day South Dakota) by Jack McCall, an unsuccessful gambler. B. Hickock [sic] killed by the assassin Jack McCall in Deadwood, Black Hills, August 2, 1876. Mulvey wheeled his horse around to face those who might shoot him from behind, and before he realized he had been fooled, Hickok shot him through the temple. Jessie later said that the Deadwood Chief of Police wrote her about Janes death in 1903. [24], In late 1863, Hickok worked for the provost marshal of southwest Missouri as a member of the Springfield detective police. Author McClaird theorised that Jessie, who had no birth certificate, said what she had to in order to receive financial assistance at her last residence in California. [59], The next day, Hickok was playing poker again. Jesse James suffered from it. There, again, he killed several men, including his deputy marshal, whose deaththe result of an accidental shootingled to Hickoks dismissal. Jane claimed that James Butler Hickok was the father of her child Jean . Funeral services will be held at Charlie Utter's Camp, on Thursday afternoon, August 3, 1876, at 3 o'clock P. M. All are respectfully invited to attend. [52], In 1876, Hickok was diagnosed by a doctor in Kansas City, Missouri, with glaucoma and ophthalmia. Both of his parents loved each other very much and always remained together. He was later elected constable of Monticello Township in Johnson County, Kansas. During Wild Bill Hickok 's life he was many things such as, an actor, gambler, lawman, and a marksman specialists. Though no solid record exists, he is believed to have served as a Union spy in the Confederate Army before his discharge in 1865. Wild Bill Hickok was born on May 27, 1837 in Troy Grove, Illinois. In the film version, Howard Keel co-stars as Hickok to Doris Day's Calamity Jane. It was at this time that Hickok came across a bear blocking a road, an encounter that would become part of the lore surrounding him: Hickok shot the bear, which only angered it, and a struggle ensued, during which Hickok used a knife to slit the bears throat, but not before he was nearly crushed to death. [29][30], Two days later, Hickok was arrested for murder. [82], At the time of this affair I was at a station farther west and reached this station just as Wild Bill was getting ready to go to Beatrice for his trial. Wikimedia Commons Calamity Jane poses in front of Wild Bill Hickok's grave. In 1941, Jean Hickok McCormick appeared in Billings, Montana. Wild Bill Hickok begins to establish his reputation as a gunfighter after he shoots three men during a shootout in Nebraska. Tutt wearing it, he was one of the late 19th and early 20th centuries for as little 26! 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